Turtles Unite

Homework for Week 11/24-11/25.
MONDAY: Both Periods 3 & 4 Reading log 11/17-11/23 due on Monday - 11/24.
TUESDAY: Read “Across Five Aprils” up to chapter 8 and 4th period will read “Rifles for Watie” up to chapter 12. Due 12/2
Lit circles are due 12/2.

8th Literature
The Red Badge of Courage by Stephen Crane - Review Sheet

Literature Elements

1. Irony: The difference between what appears to be and what truly is

2. Simile: A comparison of objects using ‘like’ or ‘as’

3. Metaphor: A comparison of one object with another and ascribing to the first object one or more attributes of the second

4. Alliteration: The repetition of initial consonant sounds

5. Foreshadowing: The presentation of material in a work in such a way that later events are prepared for

6. Conflict: The struggle that grows out of two opposing forces

7. Plot: The story line

8. Point of View: The vantage point from which an author presents a story

9. Setting: The environment in which a story takes place

10. Theme: A central idea

11. Hyperbole: An exaggeration to make a point

12. Characterization: The development of a fictitious character through a character’s actions, words, thoughts and feelings, appearance, another character’s words or thoughts about the character, and the author’s opinion of the character.
* Flat: A character constructed around a single idea or quality; a stereotypical
character
* Round: A character sufficiently complex to be able to surprise the reader
without losing credibility; a realistic character.
* Static: A character that most likely does not change during the story.
* Dynamic: A character who develops or changes as a result of the action of
the plot.

13. Allusion: A figure of speech that makes brief reference to a historical or literary event, or object.

14. Personification: A figure that endows animals, ideas, abstractions, and inanimate objects with human form.

Know the Plot pyramid:

Exposition: Introduced to the “Youth” waiting in his hut reflecting on his mother’s pleadings to keep him on the farm and away from the battlefield.
He also considers the possibility that he might run in fear from the battle.

Inciting Incident: He considers the awful possibility that he might run in fear from the battle – and indeed – he does flee once the fighting begins (negative turn)

Rising Action: In his mind – and on the run, he now tries to convince himself his flight is as natural as that of the squirrel at which he throws a pine cone.

Terrified by his discovery of a corpse seated against a tree, the youth joins a company of injured soldiers, wishing all the while that he, too, were hurt. (That he had a red badge of courage)

His horror mounts when he realizes that the tall, gravely injured man marching relentlessly beside him is an old friend, Jim Conklin.

The youth and a “tattered soldier” lead Jim into the woods where he dies a hideous, racking .

Henry then deserts the tattered soldier, last seen wandering aimless and confused – an image that is later to haunt the youth. (negative turn)

Curiosity keeps Henry near the vicinity of the battle. Trying to gain information, he clutches a retreating soldier’s arm; the enraged soldier smashes his rifle down on the youth’s head. (negative turn)

A “cheerful soldier” supports the injured Henry and returns him to his own regiment.

His fellow soldiers assume that Henry was injured in battle. Wilson, a young soldier whose boasting used to irritate Henry, now tends Henry’s wounds; a few days of battle have transformed Wilson, making him genuinely humility.

These two overhear their superiors discussing the decision to send the regiment on a charge which will leave most of the “mule drivers” .

They are angered by the insults, and the two are spurred on to lead the charge, bravely picking up the flag when the color sergeant is killed despite the fact that many of their comrades are and fleeing. (positive turn)

While the insulting officer criticizes the regiment for making a mess of the charge, Henry’s own superiors are impressed by his bravery and that of his friend. (neg and pos turns)

Weary, the regiment is astonished to learn that it must lead another charge.

Despite the overwhelming odds against them, Henry’s regiment routs the enemy takes enemy’s flag and four prisoners.

Henry’s victory celebration is short-lived, though; he cannot forget the tattered soldier he deserted.

Climax (Turning Point): Still, he decides, he can utilize his own sin by vowing to remember that mistake and learn from it how to deal with others gently.

He grows up, and realizes how immature his thoughts of being a hero and glorifying war were. He now realizes that through this challenge (the war) he at first failed, but then he recovered, he didn’t give up and he learned from his past failure and fought through. He grew up through this challenge and realized that was what being a man is all about. It isn’t perfection or being a hero, but it is facing up to all your failures and faults and learning from them.

Essay Question: Suffering and the redemptive power of suffering is a common theme in the Bible. Consider for example, the book of Job; Romans 5:3-5;
2 Corinthians 12:7-10; 2 Corinthians 1:3-4, and John 12:24. The “red badge of courage” that Henry Fleming is so anxious to wear is also a badge of suffering. Because of his own suffering and the suffering he witnesses, Henry is changed. In your own life, how has suffering, great or small, changed you?

Falling Action: Mainly, his thoughts of coming to terms with his failures and realizing he has changed, matured, and been redeemed through all his suffering and is now a man.

Conclusion/Aftermath: Like the sun that breaks through the clouds after the storm, at the end, Henry’s thoughts leave the battle behind him and illumine a future peaceful existence. He has become a man.

From whose point of view is this story told?
Protagonist (The Youth) Henry Fleming during the Battle of Chancellorsville, in May 1863.
Irony: Henry goes into one of the charges not for country, or God, or for honor, or glory, or any of the expected reasons for battle, but purely out of anger for being called a “mule driver.” Henry simple wants to prove the insult wrong!

Another major incident that is ironic is the way Henry receives his “red badge of courage.” He doesn’t receive it in battle, but instead he is hit by another deserting soldier trying to get away from Henry.

Key Words:

Homeric – epic, heroic

Impregnable – able to resist attack, unconquerable

Corporal – a noncommissioned rank in the armed forces above private first class and below sergeant

Picket – a detachment of one or more troops advanced to warn of an ememy’s approach

Johnnies – short for “Johnny Reb” – soldiers in the Confederate army

Sagacious – wise

Paean – a song of praise

Philippic – denunciation

Ague – shivering fit

Harangue – angry speech

Implike – demonic

Lugubrious – Excessively dismal or mournful – the way Wilson spoke when he first gave Henry his packet of letters

Charnel – A house of the

Obdurate – hardhearted – unrepentant, stubborn; obstinate; inflexible

Prodigious – wonderful, amazing – of great size; power; enormous; huge

Stoical – showing indifference to joy, grief, pleasure, or pain; calm and unflinching under suffering, bad fortune

Themes:

KEY THEME: Man vs. Himself (Will I run from the battle or will I stand and fight?)
The redemptive power of suffering
Person grows and matures through a challenge
Coming of Age
Reason and Instinct
Survival and
Courage and Fear
Empathy and Self-Preservation
Man against man

Know the Three Eternal truths.
1. Things and People are not what they seem.
2. There is a battle going on.
3. In the battle, you have a crucial role to play.

Know Communication statements.
1. Communication always has consequences.
2. Communication always has eternal consequences.

Know the Bible in a nutshell sentence.
God working in history to restore relationships with people like us.

Homework for Week 11/17-11/21.

MONDAY: Both Periods 3 & 4 Reading log 11/10-11/16 due on Monday - 11/17.
REVIEW FOR TEST OVER “Red Badge”

TUESDAY: Test over “Red Badge”
We will turn in books and 3rd period will start reading “Across Five Aprils” up to chapter 4 and 4th period will read “Rifles for Watie” up to chapter 4. Due 11/25

WEDNESDAY: Free reading.

THURSDAY: Bring Daybooks
BOOK FAIR!!!!!! 11/20. Bring your money and buy into some excitement!!

FRIDAY: Read “A Day’s Pleasure” starting on page 86 in your Textbooks, and be prepared to talk about the importance of setting in this story. Read and be prepared for a quiz and a discussion of the story by 11/21.